scale up or down to hit a particular brief.

It would be impossible to get the required supply chain capacity for the required design, manufacture, and construction capabilities.. What we need is a fundamental rethink with regards to the future of coal and how nuclear facilities are conceived, designed, procured, and delivered.Instead of approaching this task as thousands of individual refurbishments, we need to have a unified approach where the design is simplified and standardised in such a way that a much wider range of designers, manufacturers and contractors can participate, and the design knowledge is embedded in building systems and design tools so that everyone involved can benefit from the learning on all the other projects.. To achieve this, we are working with Terra Praxis and their wider team, including specialists from MIT, University at Buffalo, Microsoft and KPMG, to:.

Reduce, rationalise, standardise and optimise the building and engineering systems that are needed for a refurbished plant, in order to.Reduce, rationalise, standardise and optimise the design, approval, manufacture, assembly and operation processes, in order to.Reduce, rationalise, standardise and optimise the interactions between the required different supply chain organisations, to realise the processes described above at the scale that is required.. Terra Praxis are creating a business model that uses technology to connect people, organisations, and resources in an interactive ecosystem in which value can be created and exchanged.

To realise this ecosystem, Bryden Wood is involved in developing a technological infrastructure that provides tools and services that make it easy for customers and suppliers to interact to realise the required refurbishments.. To make that possible, Bryden Wood also need to create an engineering platform solution: a building system that can deliver the required variety of solutions for differing requirements in different situations, but that is rationalised, standardised and optimised appropriately to enable the required simplification of all processes that make it possible for the supply chain to collaboratively deliver this built solution.. New nuclear: system simplification and standardisation with P-DfMA.Existing coal plants vary widely.

There are very different site layouts and different levels of site conditions.

The seismic conditions in particular are very important, as they have a major impact on the design of the safety systems and therefore increase the complexity of the design.Build Clever: specify low carbon materials with a focus on the recycled content of steel and concrete and the use of timber; maximise the recycled content of finishes, use reclaimed floors and explore system’s rental; where possible use low GWP refrigerants and avoid VRF systems..

Build Efficiently: implement innovative construction strategies such as Modern methods of Construction (MMC) and use a DfMA approach to reduce waste onsite..Offset: Any remaining carbon should be offset via recognised carbon offset schemes.

Offsets used should be publicly disclosed.. An example of design strategies that follow the proposed embodied carbon hierarchy is shown in Figure 5..Step-by-step hierarchy for net zero embodied carbon.